A Literature Review to Explore E-Learning in Universities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19245/25.05.pij.5.1.4Keywords:
E-learning, universities, design of e-learning, e-learning design, higher educationAbstract
The article aims to provide a literature review on e-learning and e-learning design in the university context. The aim, more precisely, is to investigate the type of attention that researchers give to e-learning and e-learning design and what are the next trends in e-learning in the university context. The literature review focused on the analysis of two international journals: Internet and Higher Education (I&HE) and Computer & Education (C&E). These journals have been selected from an international ranking on the SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) portal. The investigation takes place at two specific times: (1) a first selection based on keywords on the journal sites; (2) a second selection phase to choose the most consistent studies through abstract analysis. This research makes it possible to contribute, through a review of the literature, to make a mapping of the evolution of e-learning design and e-learning studies within universities at international level, taking as a survey reference a fairly long period of time in the analysis of the articles (from 1997 to 2018).
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References
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Al Qahtani, A.A., and Higgins, S.E. (2013), “Effects of traditional, blended and e-learning on student achievement in higher education”, Computer Aided Learning Journal, 29 (3): 220–234.
Al-Adwan, A., and Smedley, J. (2013), “Explore the acceptance of e-learning by students using the technology acceptance model in Jordanian universities”, International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 9 (2): 4.
Alhabeeb, A., and Rowley, J. (2018), “Critical success factors of e-learning: Comparing the perspectives of academic staff and students”, Computer and Instruction, 127: 1–12.
Alkhalaf, S., Drew, S., and Alhussain, T. (2012), “Evaluation of the impact of e-learning systems on learners: a survey study in KSA”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 47: 98–104.
Almpanis, T. (2015), “Staff Development and Institutional Support for Technology Enhanced Learning in UK Universities”, Giornale elettronico di e-Learning, 13 (5): 366–375.
Al-Samarraie, H., Teo, T., and Abbas, M. (2013), “Can structured representation improve students’ thinking skills for a better understanding of e-learning content?”, Computer & Education, 69: 463–473.
Al-Yahya, M., George, R., and Alfaries, A. (2015), “Ontologie nell’e-learning: revisione della letteratura”, International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications, 9 (2): 67–84.
Arenas-Gaitán, J., Ramírez-Correa, P.E., and Rondán-Cataluña, F.J. (2011), “Intercultural analysis of the use and perceptions of web-based learning systems”, Computer and Instruction, 57 (2): 1762–1774.
Awidi, I.T., Cooper, M. (2015), “Using gaps in management procedures to improve the implementation of e-learning in Africa”, Computer and education, 90: 64–79.
Azeiteiro, U.M., Bacelar-Nicolau, P., Caetano, F.J., and Caeiro, S. (2015), “Education for sustainable development through e-learning in higher education: experiences from Portugal”, Cleanest Production Journal, 106: 308–319.
Babić, S., Čičin-Šain, M., and Bubaš, G. (2016, January), “A study on factors influencing the intention of higher education teachers to use e-learning in hybrid environments”, Computer in Education (EC).
Bhuasiri, W., Xaymoungkhoun, O., Zo, H., Rho, J., and Ciganek, A.P. (2012), “Critical success factors for e-learning in developing countries: A comparative analysis between ICT experts and teachers”, Computer & Education, 58 (2): 843–855.
Biasutti, M. (2011), “The student’s experience of a collaborative university e-learning module”, Computer and Instruction, 57 (3): 1865–1875.
Brown, A.R., and Voltz, B.D. (2005) “Elements of effective e-learning design”, The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 6 (1).
Carril, P.C.M., Sanmamed, M.G., and Sellés, N.H. (2013), “Roles and pedagogical skills of university lecturers practising in the e-learning environment”, The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 14 (3): 462–487.
Carroll, N. (2013), “E-learning - the McDonaldization of Education”, European Journal of Higher Education, 3 (4): 342–356.
Castillo-Merino, D., and Serradell-López, E. (2014), “An analysis of the determinants of students’ performance in e-learning”, Computer in Human Behavior, 30: 476–484.
Chang, C.T., Hajiyev, J., Su, C.R. (2017), “Examining the students’ behavioural intention to use e-learning in Azerbaijan? The general model of acceptance of extended technology for e-learning approach”, Computer and Education, 111: 128– 143.
Chen, M.Y., Chang, F.M.T., Chen, C.C., Huang, M.J., Chen, J.W. (2012), “Why do individuals use electronic wallets? Technology and educational society, 15 (4): 114– 125.
Cho, V., Cheng, T.E., Lai, W.J. (2009), “The role of user interface design perceived in the intention to continue to use self-learning tools”, Computer & Education, 53 (2): 216–227.
Cidral, W.A., Oliveira, T., Di Felice, M., and Aparicio, M. (2018), “The determinants of e-learning success: Brazilian empirical study”, Computer and Education, 122: 273–290.
Clark, R.C., and Mayer, R.E. (2011), E-learning and educational science: Proven guidelines for consumers and multimedia learning designers, John Wiley & Sons.
CNPA (2007), ASFOR Glossary “The words of e-Learning”, Cnipa (ed.), Vademecum for the implementation of e-learning training projects in public administrations. The Edition. Cnpa Notebooks, 32, 347–399.
Cocozza, A. (2006), Human Resources Department. Policies and tools for the organization and management of work relations, Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Conole, G. (2013), Design for learning in an open world, London: Springer Science & Business Media, London.
Darab, B., and Montazer, G.A. (2011), “An eclectic model for assessing e-learning readiness in Iranian universities”, Computer & Education, 56 (3): 900–910.
Duan, Y., He, Q., Feng, W., Li, D., and Fu, Z. (2010), “A study on the intention to adopt e-learning from the point of view of adopting innovation: A case in point in China”, Computer & Education, 55 (1): 237–246.
Elkaseh, A.M., Wong, K.W., and Fung, C.C. (2016), “Perceived the ease of use and perceived usefulness of social media for e-learning in Libyan higher education: a modeling analysis of the structural equation”, International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 6 (3): 192–199.
Esposito, G., and Mantese G. (2003), E-learning: an operational guide. How to realize and evaluate a project, Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Fu, F.L., Su, R.C., and Yu, S.C. (2009), “EGameFlow: a scale for measuring student enjoyment in e-learning games”, Computer and Instruction, 52 (1): 101–112.
Ghiringhelli C., and Quacquarelli, B. (2003), “Designing learning on and off the net”, in R.C.D. Nacamulli (ed.), The Formation, Cement and Net, pp. 139–178, Milan: Etas.
González-Gómez, F., Guardiola, J., Rodríguez, Ó.M., and Alonso, M.Á.M. (2012), “Gender differences in e-learning satisfaction”, Computer and Instruction, 58 (1): 283–290.
Gros, B., and García-Peñalvo, F.J. (2016), “Future trends in design strategies and technological costs of e-learning”, in M. Spector, B.B. Lockee and M.D. Childress (eds), Learning, design and technology. An International Compendium of Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, pp. 1–23, Cham: Springer.
Hassanzadeh, A., Kanaani, F., and Elahi, S. (2012), “A model for measuring the success of e-learning systems in universities”, Expert Systems with Applications, 39 (12): 10959–10966.
Horton, W. (2011), E-learning by Design, John Wiley & Sons.
Huang, E.Y., Lin, S.W., Huang, T.K. (2012), “What kind of learning style leads to online participation in the e-learning environment in blended mode? A study on the instructions for use of the software”, Computer & Education, 58(1): 338– 349.
Islam, A.N. (2013), “Investigate the results of the use of the e-learning system in the university context”, Computer & Education, 69: 387–399.
Islam, N., Beer, M., Slack, F. (2015), “The challenges of e-learning faced by academics in higher education”, Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3 (5): 102–112.
Jones, C., Ramanau, R., Cross, S., Healing, G. (2010), “Net generation” or “Digital Natives”: Is there a distinct new generation entering the university? Computer & Instruction, 54(3): 722–732.
Kim, Y.J.J., Kim, J.H., Li, M.H. (2015), “Web-Enhanced Teaching and Learning Vehicle Preference in Landscape Architecture Construction Studio Courses”, Giornale dell’e-learning e dell’istruzione superiore, 2015: 1–8.
Klimov, B.F. (2012), “ICT versus traditional approaches to teaching”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 47: 196–200.
Kurilovas, E., Kubilinskiene, S., Dagiene, V. (2014), “Web 3.0-Based customizations of learning objects in virtual learning environments”, Computer in Human Behavior, 30: 654–662.
Lloyd, M.M. (2005), “Towards a definition of ICT integration in the classroom”, Acts AARE ‘05 Education Research.
Loh, C., Wong, D.H., Quazi, A., Kingshott, R.P. (2016), Review students’ perception of e-learning: an Australian perspective. International Journal of Educational Management, 30 (1): 129–139.
Mahdizadeh, H., Biemans, H., Mulder, M. (2008), “Determining factors in the use of e-learning environments by academics”, Computer and instruction, 51(1): 142–154.
Masud, M. (2016), “Collaborative e-learning systems using semantic data interoperability”, Computer to Human Behavior, 61: 127–135.
McGill, T.J., Klobas, J.E., and Renzi, S. (2014), “Critical success factors for the continuation of e-learning initiatives”, Internet and higher education, 22: 24–36.
Muzio, J.A., Heins, T., and Mundell, R. (2002), Experiences with reusable e-learning objects: From theory to practice”, Internet and higher education, 5(1): 21–34.
Nichols, A.J., Levy, Y. (2009), “Empirical evaluation of the persistence of university students-athletes in e-learning courses: A case study of an institution of the US National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA)”, Internet and higher education, 12(1): 14–25.
O’Droma, M.S., Ganchev, I., McDonnell, F. (2003), Architectural and functional design and evaluation of e-learning VUIS based on the proposed IEEE LTSA reference model. Internet and higher education, 6(3), 263–276.
Oproiu, G.C. (2015), “A study on the use of the e-learning platform (Moodle) in the university teaching process”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 180: 426– 432.
Owston, R., York, D., Murtha, S. (2013), “Student perceptions and achievements in a strategic university blended learning initiative”, Internet and higher education, 18: 38–46.
Ozkan, S., Koseler, R. (2009), “Multidimensional student assessment of e-learning systems in the context of higher education”: An empirical survey”, Computer and instruction, 53(4): 1285–1296.
Paechter, M., Maier, B. (2010a), “Online or face-to-face”? Students’ experiences and preferences in e-learning”, Internet and higher education, 13(4): 292–297.
Paechter, M., Maier, B., and Macher, D. (2010b), “Students’ expectations and e-learning experiences: Their relationship to learning outcomes and course satisfaction”, Computer and education, 54(1): 222–229.
Parkes, M., Reading, C. and Stein, S. (2013), “The skills needed for effective performance in a university e-learning environment”, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29, (6).
Parkes, M., Stein, S. and Reading C. (2015), “Preparing students for university e-learning environments”, Internet and higher education, 25: 1–10.
Rienties, B., Toetenel, L. and Bryan A. (2015), “Scaling learning design: impact of learning design activities on the behaviour and performance of LMS”, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Learning to Analyse and Knowledge, LAK ‘15, ACM, 315–319.
Selim, H.M. (2007), Critical success factors for e-learning acceptance: Confirmation factor models. computer & education, 49(2), 396–413.
Smith, G.G., Heindel, A.J., and Torres-Ayala, A.T. (2008), “E-learning commodity or community”: Disciplinary differences between online courses. Internet and higher education, 11(3-4): 152–159.
Songkram, N. (2015), “e-learning system in virtual learning environment to develop creative thinking for higher education students”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 174: 674–679.
Soup, C.M. (2012), “Defining ICT in a world without borders: The development of a hierarchy of work”, International Journal of Information Technology Management, 4(3): 13.
Tax, K. (2009), Providing E-Learning: A comprehensive strategy for design application and evaluation, Kogan Page Publishers, London.
Teo, T. (2010), “Development and validation of the e-learning acceptance measure (ElAM)”, Internet and Higher Education, 13 (3): 148–152.
Trentin, G. (2001), From distance learning to online learning, Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Urh, M., Vukovic, G. Jereb, E. (2015), “The model for the introduction of gamification in e-learning in higher education”, Procedural, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197: 388–397.
Wu, H.Y., Lin, H.Y. (2012), “A hybrid approach to develop an analytical model to improve the quality of e-learning service”, Computer & Education, 58 (4): 1318–1338.
Al Qahtani, A.A., and Higgins, S.E. (2013), “Effects of traditional, blended and e-learning on student achievement in higher education”, Computer Aided Learning Journal, 29 (3): 220–234.
Al-Adwan, A., and Smedley, J. (2013), “Explore the acceptance of e-learning by students using the technology acceptance model in Jordanian universities”, International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 9 (2): 4.
Alhabeeb, A., and Rowley, J. (2018), “Critical success factors of e-learning: Comparing the perspectives of academic staff and students”, Computer and Instruction, 127: 1–12.
Alkhalaf, S., Drew, S., and Alhussain, T. (2012), “Evaluation of the impact of e-learning systems on learners: a survey study in KSA”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 47: 98–104.
Almpanis, T. (2015), “Staff Development and Institutional Support for Technology Enhanced Learning in UK Universities”, Giornale elettronico di e-Learning, 13 (5): 366–375.
Al-Samarraie, H., Teo, T., and Abbas, M. (2013), “Can structured representation improve students’ thinking skills for a better understanding of e-learning content?”, Computer & Education, 69: 463–473.
Al-Yahya, M., George, R., and Alfaries, A. (2015), “Ontologie nell’e-learning: revisione della letteratura”, International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications, 9 (2): 67–84.
Arenas-Gaitán, J., Ramírez-Correa, P.E., and Rondán-Cataluña, F.J. (2011), “Intercultural analysis of the use and perceptions of web-based learning systems”, Computer and Instruction, 57 (2): 1762–1774.
Awidi, I.T., Cooper, M. (2015), “Using gaps in management procedures to improve the implementation of e-learning in Africa”, Computer and education, 90: 64–79.
Azeiteiro, U.M., Bacelar-Nicolau, P., Caetano, F.J., and Caeiro, S. (2015), “Education for sustainable development through e-learning in higher education: experiences from Portugal”, Cleanest Production Journal, 106: 308–319.
Babić, S., Čičin-Šain, M., and Bubaš, G. (2016, January), “A study on factors influencing the intention of higher education teachers to use e-learning in hybrid environments”, Computer in Education (EC).
Bhuasiri, W., Xaymoungkhoun, O., Zo, H., Rho, J., and Ciganek, A.P. (2012), “Critical success factors for e-learning in developing countries: A comparative analysis between ICT experts and teachers”, Computer & Education, 58 (2): 843–855.
Biasutti, M. (2011), “The student’s experience of a collaborative university e-learning module”, Computer and Instruction, 57 (3): 1865–1875.
Brown, A.R., and Voltz, B.D. (2005) “Elements of effective e-learning design”, The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 6 (1).
Carril, P.C.M., Sanmamed, M.G., and Sellés, N.H. (2013), “Roles and pedagogical skills of university lecturers practising in the e-learning environment”, The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 14 (3): 462–487.
Carroll, N. (2013), “E-learning - the McDonaldization of Education”, European Journal of Higher Education, 3 (4): 342–356.
Castillo-Merino, D., and Serradell-López, E. (2014), “An analysis of the determinants of students’ performance in e-learning”, Computer in Human Behavior, 30: 476–484.
Chang, C.T., Hajiyev, J., Su, C.R. (2017), “Examining the students’ behavioural intention to use e-learning in Azerbaijan? The general model of acceptance of extended technology for e-learning approach”, Computer and Education, 111: 128– 143.
Chen, M.Y., Chang, F.M.T., Chen, C.C., Huang, M.J., Chen, J.W. (2012), “Why do individuals use electronic wallets? Technology and educational society, 15 (4): 114– 125.
Cho, V., Cheng, T.E., Lai, W.J. (2009), “The role of user interface design perceived in the intention to continue to use self-learning tools”, Computer & Education, 53 (2): 216–227.
Cidral, W.A., Oliveira, T., Di Felice, M., and Aparicio, M. (2018), “The determinants of e-learning success: Brazilian empirical study”, Computer and Education, 122: 273–290.
Clark, R.C., and Mayer, R.E. (2011), E-learning and educational science: Proven guidelines for consumers and multimedia learning designers, John Wiley & Sons.
CNPA (2007), ASFOR Glossary “The words of e-Learning”, Cnipa (ed.), Vademecum for the implementation of e-learning training projects in public administrations. The Edition. Cnpa Notebooks, 32, 347–399.
Cocozza, A. (2006), Human Resources Department. Policies and tools for the organization and management of work relations, Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Conole, G. (2013), Design for learning in an open world, London: Springer Science & Business Media, London.
Darab, B., and Montazer, G.A. (2011), “An eclectic model for assessing e-learning readiness in Iranian universities”, Computer & Education, 56 (3): 900–910.
Duan, Y., He, Q., Feng, W., Li, D., and Fu, Z. (2010), “A study on the intention to adopt e-learning from the point of view of adopting innovation: A case in point in China”, Computer & Education, 55 (1): 237–246.
Elkaseh, A.M., Wong, K.W., and Fung, C.C. (2016), “Perceived the ease of use and perceived usefulness of social media for e-learning in Libyan higher education: a modeling analysis of the structural equation”, International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 6 (3): 192–199.
Esposito, G., and Mantese G. (2003), E-learning: an operational guide. How to realize and evaluate a project, Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Fu, F.L., Su, R.C., and Yu, S.C. (2009), “EGameFlow: a scale for measuring student enjoyment in e-learning games”, Computer and Instruction, 52 (1): 101–112.
Ghiringhelli C., and Quacquarelli, B. (2003), “Designing learning on and off the net”, in R.C.D. Nacamulli (ed.), The Formation, Cement and Net, pp. 139–178, Milan: Etas.
González-Gómez, F., Guardiola, J., Rodríguez, Ó.M., and Alonso, M.Á.M. (2012), “Gender differences in e-learning satisfaction”, Computer and Instruction, 58 (1): 283–290.
Gros, B., and García-Peñalvo, F.J. (2016), “Future trends in design strategies and technological costs of e-learning”, in M. Spector, B.B. Lockee and M.D. Childress (eds), Learning, design and technology. An International Compendium of Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, pp. 1–23, Cham: Springer.
Hassanzadeh, A., Kanaani, F., and Elahi, S. (2012), “A model for measuring the success of e-learning systems in universities”, Expert Systems with Applications, 39 (12): 10959–10966.
Horton, W. (2011), E-learning by Design, John Wiley & Sons.
Huang, E.Y., Lin, S.W., Huang, T.K. (2012), “What kind of learning style leads to online participation in the e-learning environment in blended mode? A study on the instructions for use of the software”, Computer & Education, 58(1): 338– 349.
Islam, A.N. (2013), “Investigate the results of the use of the e-learning system in the university context”, Computer & Education, 69: 387–399.
Islam, N., Beer, M., Slack, F. (2015), “The challenges of e-learning faced by academics in higher education”, Journal of Education and Training Studies, 3 (5): 102–112.
Jones, C., Ramanau, R., Cross, S., Healing, G. (2010), “Net generation” or “Digital Natives”: Is there a distinct new generation entering the university? Computer & Instruction, 54(3): 722–732.
Kim, Y.J.J., Kim, J.H., Li, M.H. (2015), “Web-Enhanced Teaching and Learning Vehicle Preference in Landscape Architecture Construction Studio Courses”, Giornale dell’e-learning e dell’istruzione superiore, 2015: 1–8.
Klimov, B.F. (2012), “ICT versus traditional approaches to teaching”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 47: 196–200.
Kurilovas, E., Kubilinskiene, S., Dagiene, V. (2014), “Web 3.0-Based customizations of learning objects in virtual learning environments”, Computer in Human Behavior, 30: 654–662.
Lloyd, M.M. (2005), “Towards a definition of ICT integration in the classroom”, Acts AARE ‘05 Education Research.
Loh, C., Wong, D.H., Quazi, A., Kingshott, R.P. (2016), Review students’ perception of e-learning: an Australian perspective. International Journal of Educational Management, 30 (1): 129–139.
Mahdizadeh, H., Biemans, H., Mulder, M. (2008), “Determining factors in the use of e-learning environments by academics”, Computer and instruction, 51(1): 142–154.
Masud, M. (2016), “Collaborative e-learning systems using semantic data interoperability”, Computer to Human Behavior, 61: 127–135.
McGill, T.J., Klobas, J.E., and Renzi, S. (2014), “Critical success factors for the continuation of e-learning initiatives”, Internet and higher education, 22: 24–36.
Muzio, J.A., Heins, T., and Mundell, R. (2002), Experiences with reusable e-learning objects: From theory to practice”, Internet and higher education, 5(1): 21–34.
Nichols, A.J., Levy, Y. (2009), “Empirical evaluation of the persistence of university students-athletes in e-learning courses: A case study of an institution of the US National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA)”, Internet and higher education, 12(1): 14–25.
O’Droma, M.S., Ganchev, I., McDonnell, F. (2003), Architectural and functional design and evaluation of e-learning VUIS based on the proposed IEEE LTSA reference model. Internet and higher education, 6(3), 263–276.
Oproiu, G.C. (2015), “A study on the use of the e-learning platform (Moodle) in the university teaching process”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 180: 426– 432.
Owston, R., York, D., Murtha, S. (2013), “Student perceptions and achievements in a strategic university blended learning initiative”, Internet and higher education, 18: 38–46.
Ozkan, S., Koseler, R. (2009), “Multidimensional student assessment of e-learning systems in the context of higher education”: An empirical survey”, Computer and instruction, 53(4): 1285–1296.
Paechter, M., Maier, B. (2010a), “Online or face-to-face”? Students’ experiences and preferences in e-learning”, Internet and higher education, 13(4): 292–297.
Paechter, M., Maier, B., and Macher, D. (2010b), “Students’ expectations and e-learning experiences: Their relationship to learning outcomes and course satisfaction”, Computer and education, 54(1): 222–229.
Parkes, M., Reading, C. and Stein, S. (2013), “The skills needed for effective performance in a university e-learning environment”, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29, (6).
Parkes, M., Stein, S. and Reading C. (2015), “Preparing students for university e-learning environments”, Internet and higher education, 25: 1–10.
Rienties, B., Toetenel, L. and Bryan A. (2015), “Scaling learning design: impact of learning design activities on the behaviour and performance of LMS”, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Learning to Analyse and Knowledge, LAK ‘15, ACM, 315–319.
Selim, H.M. (2007), Critical success factors for e-learning acceptance: Confirmation factor models. computer & education, 49(2), 396–413.
Smith, G.G., Heindel, A.J., and Torres-Ayala, A.T. (2008), “E-learning commodity or community”: Disciplinary differences between online courses. Internet and higher education, 11(3-4): 152–159.
Songkram, N. (2015), “e-learning system in virtual learning environment to develop creative thinking for higher education students”, Procedural, social and behavioral sciences, 174: 674–679.
Soup, C.M. (2012), “Defining ICT in a world without borders: The development of a hierarchy of work”, International Journal of Information Technology Management, 4(3): 13.
Tax, K. (2009), Providing E-Learning: A comprehensive strategy for design application and evaluation, Kogan Page Publishers, London.
Teo, T. (2010), “Development and validation of the e-learning acceptance measure (ElAM)”, Internet and Higher Education, 13 (3): 148–152.
Trentin, G. (2001), From distance learning to online learning, Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Urh, M., Vukovic, G. Jereb, E. (2015), “The model for the introduction of gamification in e-learning in higher education”, Procedural, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197: 388–397.
Wu, H.Y., Lin, H.Y. (2012), “A hybrid approach to develop an analytical model to improve the quality of e-learning service”, Computer & Education, 58 (4): 1318–1338.
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Published
2020-10-23
How to Cite
Gentile, T. A. R., De Nito, E., Reina, R., & Melina, A. M. (2020). A Literature Review to Explore E-Learning in Universities. PuntOorg International Journal, 5(1), 42–55. https://doi.org/10.19245/25.05.pij.5.1.4
